Lesions characterized histologically as eosinophilic granulomas rarely occur in dogs. These lesions have been noted in the oral cavity as ulcerated or vegetative masses or as raised plaques or nodules and are most commonly associated with hypersensitivity reactions (see image of eosinophilic granuloma, dog).
Any breed can be affected; however, Siberian Huskies and Cavalier King Charles Spaniels may be at greater risk of developing lesions.
Courtesy of Dr. Karen Moriello.
Canine nasal eosinophilic furunculosis can occur in any dog at any time, although it is most often observed in the summer and may be associated with insect bites. The onset of lesions is rapid, with acute, proliferative, exudative, nasal/muzzle swelling and pain. In some dogs, similar lesions may occur on the head, periocularly, and around the pinna.
Diagnosis of nasal eosinophilic furunculosis is most commonly based on clinical signs and cytological testing. Cytological evaluation of impression smears will show eosinophils.
Some lesions resolve without treatment. Steroid therapy with prednisone or prednisolone (0.5–1 mg/kg, PO, every 24 hours until lesion remission and then gradually tapering the dose over several weeks) may be needed. Recurrence of lesions can indicate an underlying allergic trigger.
If microbial overgrowth is present, topical antimicrobial therapy may be needed.
For More Information
Mendelsohn D, Lewis JR, Scott KI, Brown DC, Reiter AM Clinicopathological features, risk factors and predispositions, and response to treatment of eosinophilic oral disease in 24 dogs (2000-2016). J Vet Dent. 2019;36(1):25-31.
Also see pet owner content regarding eosinophilic lesions in dogs.
