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MERCK MANUAL
Veterinary Manual
VETERINARY PROFESSIONALS
PET OWNERS
RESOURCES
QUIZZES
ABOUT
VETERINARY PROFESSIONALS
PET OWNERS
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Pet Owners Overview
Special Pet Topics
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Emergencies
Introduction to Emergencies
First Aid Kit for a Pet
What to Do in a Dog or Cat Emergency
What Can I Do for My Pet at the Scene?
Unconsciousness
Bleeding
Burns
Choking
Foreign Objects
Heat Stroke
Hypothermia
Strangulation Injuries
How Do I Move an Injured Animal?
Evaluation and Initial Treatment of Dog and Cat Emergencies
How Are Trauma Injuries Treated?
Fluid Therapy
Monitoring Critically Ill Animals
Nutrition
Pain Control
Nursing Care
Monitoring and Caring for a Dog or Cat After an Emergency
Emergency Care for Horses
What Emergency Procedures Are Commonly Performed in Horses?
Fluid Therapy
Nasogastric Intubation
How Should an Injured Horse Be Transported?
What Type of First Aid Do Horses Need for Trauma?
Eye Injuries
Fractures and Dislocations
Head Injuries
Heat Stroke
Wounds and Lacerations
Esophageal Obstruction (Choking)
Complications After Castration
How Should Emergencies in Foals Be Treated?
Wound Management
Initial Wound Management
Drains
Bandages
Surgery
Wound Healing
Cuts and Lacerations
Bite Wounds
Degloving Injuries
Gunshot Injuries
Pressure Wounds
Lightning Strike and Electrical Injury
Minor Injuries and Accidents
Broken Nails
Bumps, Bruises, Twists, and Sprains
Fish Hooks
Insect Bites and Stings
Porcupine Quills
Skunking
Swallowed Objects
Diagnostic Tests and Imaging
Veterinary Medical Tests
Hematology
Clinical Chemistry
Cytology
Fluid Analysis
Histology
Microbiology
Serology
Toxicology
Common Laboratory Tests in Veterinary Medicine
The Veterinarian’s Exam
Specialized Tests
The In-House Laboratory
Chemistry Panel
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
Fecal Analysis
Urine Analysis
The Outside Laboratory
Diagnostic Imaging
X-Ray Imaging
Ultrasound
Computed Tomography (CT)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Nuclear Medicine Imaging
Infections
Introduction to Infections
Defenses Against Infection
What Are Physical Barriers Against Infection?
How Does the Immune System Protect Against Infection?
Blood
Inflammation
Fever
What Kinds of Things Affect a Pet's Immune System?
What Are the Best Ways to Prevent Infections in Pets?
Development of Infection
How Does an Infection Start?
How Are Infectious Organisms Identified?
Infections Caused by Bacteria
What Infections Do Bacteria Cause?
Bacteremia and Sepsis
Septic Shock
Infections Caused by Rickettsiae
Infections Caused by Fungi
Infections Caused by Parasites
Infections Caused by Viruses
Diseases Spread Between Animals and People (Zoonoses)
Introduction to Diseases Spread Between Animals and People (Zoonoses)
Protecting Yourself From Zoonoses
List of Zoonoses
Drugs and Vaccines
Introduction to Drugs and Vaccines
What Is Extralabel (Off-Label) Drug Use?
How Do Drugs Affect Fetuses and Nursing Young?
How Drugs Are Given to Animals
How Are Oral Drugs Given?
How Are Parenteral Drugs Given?
How Are Topical Drugs Given?
Drugs for Different Body System Disorders
What Drugs Are Used for Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders?
What Drugs Are Used for Digestive Disorders?
What Drugs Are Used for Eye Disorders?
What Drugs Are Used for Bone and Muscle Disorders?
What Drugs Are Used for Brain, Spinal Cord, and Nerve Disorders?
What Drugs Are Used for Lung and Airway Disorders?
What Drugs Are Used for Skin Disorders?
What Drugs Are Used for Urinary Tract and Reproductive Tract Disorders?
Drugs for Viral Infections
Drugs for Inflammation
Drugs for Cancers and Tumors
Vaccines
What Are the Different Types of Vaccines?
When Should Vaccinations Be Given?
Do Vaccines Have Side Effects?
What Is Passive Immunity?
Pain Management
Pain and Pain Management in Pets
What Types of Pain Do Animals Feel?
Recognizing and Assessing Pain in Animals
Pain Treatment in Animals
Drugs Used to Relieve Pain in Animals
Nondrug Therapies Used to Relieve Pain in Animals
Poisoning
Introduction to Poisoning
For More Information
Metabolism of Poisons
For More Information
Factors Affecting the Activity of Poisons
For More Information
Diagnosis of Poisoning
For More Information
General Treatment of Poisoning
For More Information
Algal Poisoning
For More Information
Arsenic Poisoning
For More Information
Bracken Fern Poisoning
For More Information
Cantharidin Poisoning (Blister Beetle Poisoning)
For More Information
Coal-tar Poisoning
Copper Poisoning
For More Information
Cyanide Poisoning
For More Information
Ethylene Glycol (Antifreeze) Poisoning
For More Information
Fluoride Poisoning
For More Information
Food Hazards
Avocado
Bread Dough
Chocolate
Macadamia Nuts
Raisins and Grapes
Xylitol
For More Information
Fungal Poisoning
Aflatoxicosis
Ergotism
Estrogenism and Vulvovaginitis
Facial Eczema
Fescue Poisoning
Fescue Lameness
Summer Fescue Poisoning
Fumonisin Poisoning
Mycotoxic Lupinosis
Paspalum Staggers
Slaframine Poisoning
Trichothecene Poisoning
For More Information
Gossypol Poisoning
For More Information
Halogenated Aromatic Poisoning (PCB and Others)
For More Information
Herbicide Poisoning
Inorganic Herbicides
Organic Herbicides
For More Information
Household Hazards
Alcohols
Chlorine Bleaches
Corrosives
Alkaline Batteries
Cationic Detergents
Detergents, Soaps, and Shampoos
For More Information
Insecticide Poisoning
Carbamate Insecticides
Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Compounds
Insecticides Derived from Plants
Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids
d-Limonene
Organophosphates
Pesticide Potentiating Agents
Solvents and Emulsifiers
For More Information
Lead Poisoning
For More Information
Mercury Poisoning
For More Information
Metaldehyde Poisoning
For More Information
Nitrate and Nitrite Poisoning
For More Information
Nonprotein Nitrogen Poisoning (Ammonia Poisoning)
For More Information
Petroleum Product Poisoning
For More Information
Plants Poisonous to Animals
Houseplants and Ornamentals
Range Plants of Temperate North America
For More Information
Poisoning from Human Over-the-Counter Drugs
Antihistamines
Decongestants
Imidazoline Decongestants
Pseudoephedrine and Ephedrine
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
Gastrointestinal Drugs
Multivitamins and Iron
Herbal Supplements
Topical Zinc Oxide
Poisonings from Human Prescription Drugs
Cardiovascular Medications
Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
Calcium Channel Blockers
Beta Blockers
Diuretics
Tranquilizers, Antidepressants, Sleep Aids, and Anticonvulsants
Benzodiazepines
Antidepressants
Barbiturates
Sleep Aids
Tranquilizers
Muscle Relaxants
Topical Agents
Prescription Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
For More Information
Poisonings from Illicit and Abused Drugs
Cocaine
Amphetamines and Related Drugs
Marijuana
Opiates
For More Information
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloidosis (
Senecio
Poisoning, Ragwort Poisoning)
For More Information
Quercus
Poisoning (Oak Bud Poisoning, Acorn Poisoning)
For More Information
Rodenticide Poisoning
Anticoagulant Rodenticides (Warfarin and Related Compounds)
Bromethalin
Cholecalciferol
Zinc Phosphide
For More Information
Ryegrass Poisoning
Annual Ryegrass Staggers
Perennial Ryegrass Staggers
For More Information
Salt Poisoning
For More Information
Selenium Poisoning
Chronic Selenium Poisoning (Alkali Disease)
Acute Selenium Poisoning
For More Information
Snakebite
For More Information
Sorghum Poisoning (Sudan Grass Poisoning)
For More Information
Spider Bites
Widow Spiders
Brown Spiders
For More Information
Strychnine Poisoning
For More Information
Sweet Clover Poisoning
For More Information
Toad Poisoning
For More Information
Zinc Poisoning
For More Information
Travel with Pets
Planning for Travel With Pets
Regulations for Traveling With Pets
What Are the Regulations for Domestic Travel With Pets?
What Are the Regulations for International Travel With Pets?
Entering the United States With a Pet
Traveling by Car With Pets
Traveling by Plane With Pets
Traveling by Ship or Train With Pets
Traveling With Service Animals
Quick Guide for Traveling With Pets
Health and the Human-Animal Bond
The Human-Animal Bond
What Are the Health Benefits of Pet Ownership?
Therapy and Service Animals
What Are Therapy Animals?
What Are Service and Working Dogs?
Animal Welfare
Finding the Right Veterinarian
Euthanasia and Pet Loss
How Do I Deal With Pet Loss and Grief?
Cancer and Tumors
Introduction to Cancer and Tumors in Animals
What Is Cancer?
Does Cancer Spread in an Animal?
What Types of Cancer Can Animals Get?
Causes of Cancer in Animals
Are Some Breeds More Likely to Develop Cancer?
Is Diet Related to Cancer?
What Other Factors Might Cause Cancer in an Animal?
Reducing the Risk of Cancer in Animals
Will Good Nutrition Keep My Pet From Getting Cancer?
How Can I Reduce My Pet's Risk of Cancer?
How Do Veterinarians Monitor Pets for Cancer?
Cancer Treatment in Animals
Can Surgery Help With My Pet’s Cancer?
What Is Radiation Therapy?
What Is Chemotherapy?
What Is Combination Therapy?
Caring for a Pet With Cancer
What Is Supportive Care?
How Do Pets Get Their Medication?
Do Pets With Cancer Need Special Diets?
What Is Comfort Care (Pet Hospice)?
